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Introduction |
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Coal
in Taebaek was first developed in 1937 during the
Japanese occupation. After the restoration of inde-
pendence, Taebaek, the center of the local coal
indu- stry, had significantly contributed to the
economic dev- elopment of the country by playing
the integral role of supplying fuel to the infrastructure
industries. Howev- er, the coal industry has been
on the dramatic decline with the development of
refined materials and incre- ase in the availability
of clean energy throughout the world, and it is
expected that the production and use of coal will
be fully terminated in the near future. A group
of local citizens were determined to establish a |
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museum of coal to exhibit the history of the coal
industry. The museum is comprised of three stories
above ground dedicated to exhibiting the history
of coal mining and one story underground that consists
of seven permanent exhibition halls and a single
experience gangway titled, "Coal, Nature and
Human Beings." The museum displays the achievement
of coal mine workers who have contributed to the
growth of the industry under poor working environments,
and an actual learning space for visitors to experience
the coal industry personally. The museum began its
construction in March 1989 and opened on May 27,
1997. It provides young generations with new experiences
and insights, and older generations with nostalgia
and reminiscence. The museum also provides students
with the visual understandings of how black gold
played a certain role in the history and how the
miners once worked deep underground. The museum
provides information to the future generations through
different displays and learning spaces. |
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Characteristics of Exhibition
Halls |
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Dynamic atmosphere from the entrance to beyond the common
display and storytelling style of this museum
- Provides large viewing space for free movement, taking
into account the behaviors, psychology and the natures
of juveniles and children
- Indirect experiences of mining and miners with video
devices and special effects
- Easy understanding of coal through enhanced learning
functions when reviewing the coal facts and history of
coal mining. |
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Introduction of Exhibition Halls |
In
the entrance of this museum, you can see a symbolic
object: A steam engine manufactured in 1712 developed
to resolve problems such as water discharge from
gangways and transportation of coal. During the
Industrial Revolution of England in the 18th century,
James Watt (Jan. 19, 1736 - Aug. 25, 1819) improved
the ambient pressure steam engine developed by Newcomen.
This steam engine was used to pump water from mines
and gangways, and it reflects the historical significance
of the coal industry.
The exhibition halls are arranged in the chronological
order of the era. The total length is 1.337 m, and
it takes 100 minutes to 130 minutes to complete
a trip through the museum. |
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Exhibition
Hall 1
This exhibition hall
exhibits the birth of the earth, volc- ano
explosion, and rocks/ores/fossils indicating
history of materials consist in the earth
during each era and the earth's forming process
which offer extensive info- rmation of structure
and history of geology.
Exhibits:
1. Birth of the Earth
2. Rocks
3. Ores
4. Fossils
5. Volcano explosion |
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Exhibition
Hall 2
Coal is one of the most common underground natural
resources.
The museum introduces a relationship between "Fire
and Human Beings" - a relationship that |
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formed
a basis of the development of human society
and cultures.
The hall introduces the discovery and development
of coal in Korea, and compares the past and
today's Samcheok Coalfield, the largest coalfield
in Korea.
Exhibits:
1. The first discovery of coal
2. Distribution of coalfields in Korea
3. Development of coal mines in Taebaek
4. Story of coal discovery
5. Discovery of fire
6. Major underground resources of the world
7. Major mines in Samcheok coalfields
8. Video room |
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Exhibition
Hall 3
The hall exhibits the history of finding, excavating,
digging gangways, transporting the excavated coal
and by-products, and the use of coal through dioramas.
Exhibits:
1. Drills 2. Excavating scenes (relief models) 3.
Probing scenes 4. Types of gangways
5. Survey of mines 6. Development of mining 7. Explosives
and blasting 8. Methods of mining
9. Changes in coal transportation methods 10. Coal
and miners 11. Quality improvement of coal
12. Types of mines 13. Coal combustion devices 14.
Use of coal 15. Briquet manufacturing
16. Diggers 17. Working in gangway |
Exhibition
Hall 4
Digging underground coal is accompanied by many
difficulties and risks. The hall introduces the
causes of different types of accidents in mines.
The hall also exhibits rescue activities, devotion
and sacrifice of the miners, the endeavors in accident
prevention, and the different safety devices and
facilities.
Exhibits:
1. Major accidents in mines in Korea 2. Security
equipment 3. Mine safety system 4. Portable devices
of security staffs 5. Safety boards 6. Safety rescue
team at mines 7. Dead mines |
Exhibition
Hall 5
In this hall, you can learn about the major government
policies for coalmine development from the restoration
of independence including Coal Industry Rationalization
in 1989 to the activities of the labor unions of
the miners.
Exhibits:
1. Supply of fuel 2. Changes in policies of coal
industries 3. Labor union activities
4. Adverse effects of coal 5. Occupations at mines
6. Data relevant to coal industry |
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Exhibition
Hall 6
Miner villages formed
during the course of the development of coal
mining showed unique living conditions and
cultures in housing household and other tools,
folk religions, arts and traditional games
of these communities. The hall provides the
visitor with a glimpse into the unique life
of the miners villages.
Exhibits:
1. Work in mine gallery (slides)
2. Culture of miner villages
3. Memorial service for sacrificed miners
4. Prayer for safety
5. Life in miner villages
6. A day in the life of a miner
Exhibition Hall 7
Taebaek area is a typical
mountainous region. The hall is a space where
you can experience the nature, the history,
the culture, the arts, and the local way of
living in Taebaek. Exhibits.
Exhibits:
1. Development of Taebaek city
2. The origin of the area name
3. Local folk historical data
4. Cheonjedan (Oracle of Heaven) of Mt. Taebaeksan
5. Lives of fire field farmers
6. Culture of Taebaek area
7. Holy maintain of nationals - Mt. Taebaeksan
8. Hand-weaving tools 9. Video room |
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Exhibition
Hall 8
Experiencing the gangway provides the visitor with
information on the development of coal from Joseon
Dynasty to the present day and the actual mining
equipment currently used for excavation of coal.
The gangway is very similar to an actual gangway
and simulates collapse of gangway, a common accident
at mines.
Exhibits:
1. Coal excavation during the Joseon Era 2. Coal
excavation in 1930's
3. Sub-level blasting coal excavation 4. Rock drilling
6. Meal in the gangway 7. Auger drills
8. Installation of supporting posts and survey 9.
Simulated collapse 10. Automated mining
11. Office in the gangway 12. Gangway suspended
of excavation
13. Explosive handling office in the gangway 14.
Rocker shovel 15. Super coal miner
16. Long hole drill 17. Gathering machine 18. Side
dump loader 19. Memorial stamp |
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Outdoor
Exhibition
Large equipment that are not
available at the indoor exhibition is exhibited
outside the museum building. |
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Collection of Relics |
Chrysocolla |
Dream
stone mineral.
130 x 95 x 62
Monoclinic system from the oxidized zone |
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Dicranurus monstrosus |
Arthropod
trilobites.
111 x 107 x 33
Paleozoic Devonian period
Morocco |
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Survey reports of coalfields in Joseon |
May,
1940
17.5 width × 24.5 height/ P148
The 14th volume of the survey of Samcheok
stone coal coalfields published by the fuel
ore R&D center of the Japanese Government-General
of Koreao |
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Oval briquet stove |
Living
article at mines
Yangyang Mining Office280, Jangseung-ri, Seo-myeon,
Yangyang-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea
Stove used at the mining office |
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Acetylene torch |
Light
in gangway
Used for light in gangway |
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Geological Atlas of Taebaekgsan Region |
390
× 535
Geological atlas produced by the underground
resource survey team at Taebaeksan Region
of Geological Society of Korea in 1962 |
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History of Coal in Korea |
Reported
that Dongtoham Sansi at Mojiak was burnt in 609
(31st
year of King Jinyeong) (Brown coal site in Yeongil-gun,
Gyeongbuk) |
Reported
in Samguksagi (History of Three Kingdoms Era)
that
part of Tohamsan was burned 657 (4th year of King
Muyeol) |
It
is reported in Goryeosa (History of Goryeo Dynasty)
that part of Euiyeonchon was burnt
in
1180 (10th year of King Myeongjong) |
It
is reported that there was a coal storage at Seongdong
Myosukbon in Pyeongyang,
Jeongdongcheonmaryeon
and Gobangsan, and the coal did not generate smoke
and was called
stone
call in 1590 (23rd year of King Seonjo) |
| 1882
Coalfield survey in Yeongil Region of Gyeongbuk
by Japanese |
| 1895
Enacted the law of mines (23rd year of King Gojong) |
1896
The government permitted coal excavation at Gyeongwon
and Jongseong in Hambuk to
a
Russian, Nishchenski |
1900
- 1902 Sodeungmuncharang, a Japanese geologist,
surveyed the geology throughout
Korea |
1903
Executed a joint development agreement of Pyeongyang
Coalfield with a French,
Yongdong |
1904
Initiated development of Guam coalfield
(currently,
Hwasun Branch of Korea Coal Corporation) in Jeonnam |
| 1906
Enacted Korea Mine Business Act (Act 3) |
| 1916
Established Mine Engineering Department at Gyeongseong
Engineering College |
| 1918
Established Geological Survey Office by Japanese
Government-General of Korea |
1925
Developed Mungyeong Coalfield in Gyeongbuk
(ex.
Eunseong Mine Office of Korea Coal Corporation) |
| 1933
Developed Yesan Coal mine in Chungnam |
| 1936
Developed Yeongweol Mine and Dogye Mine in Gangwon-do |
| 1937
Developed Jangseong Mine in Gangwon-do (Samcheok
Development Co., Ltd.) |
1945
Mines owned by Japan government and Japanese individuals
transferred to the American
Military
Government pursuant to the order 33 of American
Military Administration |
1946
Established Coal Production Committee (for supporting
operational expenses and
development
funds), Joseon Coal Distribution Company (for transportation
and sales of coal)
and
Mine Material Supply Office (for free supply of
mine facilities and devices) |
| 1950
Established Korea Coal Corporation |
| 1955
Established the five-year plan for coal production
(for restoring coalfields) |
1961
Enacted the Act on Temporary Measures for Coal Development
(Established
coal bed companies through providing large-scale
mine development systems) |
1970
Enacted the Act on Temporary Measures for Cultivation
of Coal Mine Business
(for
establishing policies coal industry cultivation
and protection) |
1973
The first World Oil Crisis due to the Middle East
War in 1973
(for
increasing cultivation funds for coal mine businesses) |
1975
Enacted the Act on Temporary Measures for Adjustment
of Coal Supply
(for
establishing distribution orders and quality control) |
| 1986
Enacted the Act of Coal Industry (Securing funds
for stabilizing coal supply) |
| 1988
Enacted the Act of Coal Industry (Liquidation of
waste mines of coal mine businesses) |
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How to Visit |
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Address |
| 166,
Sodo-dong, Taebaek-si, Gangwon-do (235-030)Representative
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Open hours (no closing) |
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Summer season (Mar. - Oct.): 09: 30 ~ 18:30
- Winter season (Nov. - Feb.): 09: 30 ~ 17:00
- Admissible no later than one hour before closing |
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Tel |
82-33-
552-7723
/Information on visit : 82-33 550-2743 |
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Fax |
| 82-33
550-2947 |
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E-mail |
| coalmuseum@taebaek.go.kr
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Taebaek Coal Museum
